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Naira Falls: Nigeria’s Currency Among the Worst in the World—What Happens Next?

Published by Tope Fakinlede on September 21st, 2024.

Naira Falls: Nigeria’s Currency Among the Worst in the World—What Happens Next?

According to a Bloomberg report, Nigeria’s naira has been classified as one of the worst-performing currencies globally. Its poor showing aligns with other struggling African currencies, such as the Zambian kwacha and Angolan kwanza, with five African currencies appearing in the bottom ten.

The report highlights several factors contributing to the naira’s decline, including economic difficulties, fluctuating commodity prices, inflation, and insufficient dollar liquidity. These challenges have significantly impacted the performance of African currencies.

Keonethebe Bosigo, a portfolio manager at Mazi Asset Management, attributed the naira’s struggles to inadequate currency management and systemic imbalances. “While oil prices play a role, the core issues are poor currency management and misalignments,” he stated. Bosigo noted that the naira’s overvaluation and loss of confidence stem from its inability to adjust appropriately.

Irmgard Erasmus, an economist with Oxford Economics, agreed, indicating that the naira continues to face intense pressure despite efforts to liberalize the current account. “The naira is undervalued relative to its long-term neutral value due to ongoing liquidity issues,” she explained. Erasmus pointed to falling Brent crude prices, stricter banking regulations, and general risk aversion as additional challenges.

He suggested that, without market distortions, the naira should trade closer to N1,100 per dollar, rather than its current rate of N1,544. However, he warned that unless there are substantial policy changes and enhanced dollar liquidity, the naira’s future remains precarious.

### Economic Implications of the Naira’s Decline

The naira’s downturn carries significant ramifications for Nigeria’s economy:

1. Inflationary Pressures: A weaker naira exacerbates inflation, diminishing purchasing power and lowering living standards.

2. Reduced Investor Confidence: Currency instability discourages foreign investment, stifling economic growth.

3. Higher Import Costs: A depreciated naira increases the cost of imports, potentially worsening inflation.

4. Economic Instability: A faltering currency undermines economic stability, raising the risk of downturns.

Path Forward for the Naira

To mitigate the naira’s decline, experts recommend:

1. Monetary Policy Reforms

2. Enhanced Dollar Liquidity

3. Current Account Liberalization

4. Fiscal Discipline

As Nigeria confronts its currency challenges, it is crucial for the government to enact prompt and effective reforms to stabilize the naira and rejuvenate the economy.