Top 5 Health Issues During Harmattan and How to Protect Yourself
Harmattan, the dry and dusty season in West Africa between November and March, brings a mix of cold mornings, hot afternoons, and dust-laden air. While this unique weather signals the changing of seasons, it can also trigger various health concerns. Here are five common illnesses that peak during Harmattan and practical tips for prevention.
1. Respiratory Problems
The dusty air during Harmattan can cause or worsen respiratory conditions like asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis. Those with existing respiratory issues are particularly vulnerable to dust and allergens, which can trigger frequent attacks.
Prevention Tips:
Wear a face mask to block dust particles when going outside.
Avoid areas with heavy dust or smoke.
Use an air purifier indoors to keep the air clean.
Stay hydrated by drinking water to help maintain moisture in your airways.
Regularly clean your home to minimize dust buildup.
2. Cold and Flu
The combination of cold mornings and dry air weakens the immune system, making people more prone to colds and flu. These infections spread rapidly during Harmattan, especially in crowded places.
Prevention Tips:
Bundle up in warm clothes, particularly in the early mornings and evenings.
Wash your hands frequently to prevent the spread of germs.
Limit close contact with sick individuals.
Boost your immune system with vitamin C-rich foods like oranges, lemons, and berries.
3. Dry Skin and Cracked Lips
The low humidity during Harmattan can strip moisture from the skin and lips, leading to dryness, flakiness, and painful cracks. If left untreated, this can cause irritation or even infection.
Prevention Tips:
Apply a rich moisturizer or petroleum jelly to keep your skin hydrated.
Use a good lip balm to prevent chapped lips.
Avoid long, hot showers that can further dry out your skin.
Drink plenty of water to maintain hydration from the inside.
4. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
The dusty winds of Harmattan can irritate the eyes and increase the risk of conjunctivitis (pink eye), which causes redness, itching, and discharge.
Prevention Tips:
Wear sunglasses or protective eyewear outdoors to shield your eyes from dust.
Avoid rubbing your eyes, especially with dirty hands.
Wash your hands often to reduce the risk of infection.
Use lubricating eye drops to keep your eyes moisturized.
5. Dehydration
The dry air during Harmattan can lead to excessive fluid loss, resulting in dehydration. Symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and dry mouth are common and can worsen if left untreated.
Prevention Tips:
Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you don’t feel thirsty.
Eat fruits with high water content, such as watermelon and cucumbers.
Limit alcohol and caffeine, as they can increase dehydration.
Use a humidifier indoors to add moisture to the air and prevent dryness.
Conclusion
Harmattan brings both beauty and health risks. However, with the right precautions, you can reduce your risk of harmattan-related illnesses. By following these preventive measures, you
can enjoy the season while staying healthy and protected. Stay safe and take care!
